Package 'fs' reference manual

Title:	Cross-Platform File System Operations Based on 'libuv'
Description:	A cross-platform interface to file system operations, built on top of the 'libuv' C library.
Authors:	Jim Hester [aut], Hadley Wickham [aut], Gábor Csárdi [aut, cre], libuv project contributors [cph] (libuv library), Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors [cph] (libuv library), Posit Software, PBC [cph, fnd]
Maintainer:	Gábor Csárdi <[email protected]>
License:	MIT + file LICENSE
Version:	1.6.5.9000
Built:	2024-12-09 06:15:58 UTC
Source:	https://github.com/r-lib/fs

Copy files, directories or links

Description

file_copy() copies files.

link_copy() creates a new link pointing to the same location as the previous link.

dir_copy() copies the directory recursively at the new location.

Usage

file_copy(path, new_path, overwrite = FALSE)

dir_copy(path, new_path, overwrite = FALSE)

link_copy(path, new_path, overwrite = FALSE)
file_copy(path, new_path, overwrite = FALSE)

dir_copy(path, new_path, overwrite = FALSE)

link_copy(path, new_path, overwrite = FALSE)

Arguments

`path`	A character vector of one or more paths.
`new_path`	A character vector of paths to the new locations.
`overwrite`	Overwrite files if they exist. If this is `FALSE` and the file exists an error will be thrown.

Details

The behavior of dir_copy() differs slightly than that of file.copy() when overwrite = TRUE. The directory will always be copied to new_path, even if the name differs from the basename of path.

Value

The new path (invisibly).

Examples


file_create("foo")
file_copy("foo", "bar")
try(file_copy("foo", "bar"))
file_copy("foo", "bar", overwrite = TRUE)
file_delete(c("foo", "bar"))

dir_create("foo")
# Create a directory and put a few files in it
files <- file_create(c("foo/bar", "foo/baz"))
file_exists(files)

# Copy the directory
dir_copy("foo", "foo2")
file_exists(path("foo2", path_file(files)))

# Create a link to the directory
link_create(path_abs("foo"), "loo")
link_path("loo")
link_copy("loo", "loo2")
link_path("loo2")

# Cleanup
dir_delete(c("foo", "foo2"))
link_delete(c("loo", "loo2"))

file_create("foo")
file_copy("foo", "bar")
try(file_copy("foo", "bar"))
file_copy("foo", "bar", overwrite = TRUE)
file_delete(c("foo", "bar"))

dir_create("foo")
# Create a directory and put a few files in it
files <- file_create(c("foo/bar", "foo/baz"))
file_exists(files)

# Copy the directory
dir_copy("foo", "foo2")
file_exists(path("foo2", path_file(files)))

# Create a link to the directory
link_create(path_abs("foo"), "loo")
link_path("loo")
link_copy("loo", "loo2")
link_path("loo2")

# Cleanup
dir_delete(c("foo", "foo2"))
link_delete(c("loo", "loo2"))

Create files, directories, or links

Description

The functions file_create() and dir_create() ensure that path exists; if it already exists it will be left unchanged. That means that compared to file.create(), file_create() will not truncate an existing file, and compared to dir.create(), dir_create() will silently ignore existing directories.

Usage

file_create(path, ..., mode = "u=rw,go=r")

dir_create(path, ..., mode = "u=rwx,go=rx", recurse = TRUE, recursive)

link_create(path, new_path, symbolic = TRUE)
file_create(path, ..., mode = "u=rw,go=r")

dir_create(path, ..., mode = "u=rwx,go=rx", recurse = TRUE, recursive)

link_create(path, new_path, symbolic = TRUE)

Arguments

`path`	A character vector of one or more paths. For `link_create()`, this is the target.
`...`	Additional arguments passed to `path()`
`mode`	If file/directory is created, what mode should it have? Links do not have mode; they inherit the mode of the file they link to.
`recurse`	should intermediate directories be created if they do not exist?
`recursive`	(Deprecated) If `TRUE` recurse fully.
`new_path`	The path where the link should be created.
`symbolic`	Boolean value determining if the link should be a symbolic (the default) or hard link.

Value

The path to the created object (invisibly).

Examples


file_create("foo")
is_file("foo")
# dir_create applied to the same path will fail
try(dir_create("foo"))

dir_create("bar")
is_dir("bar")
# file_create applied to the same path will fail
try(file_create("bar"))

# Cleanup
file_delete("foo")
dir_delete("bar")

file_create("foo")
is_file("foo")
# dir_create applied to the same path will fail
try(dir_create("foo"))

dir_create("bar")
is_dir("bar")
# file_create applied to the same path will fail
try(file_create("bar"))

# Cleanup
file_delete("foo")
dir_delete("bar")

Delete files, directories, or links

Description

file_delete() and link_delete() delete file and links. Compared to file.remove they always fail if they cannot delete the object rather than changing return value or signalling a warning. If any inputs are directories, they are passed to dir_delete(), so file_delete() can therefore be used to delete any filesystem object.

dir_delete() will first delete the contents of the directory, then remove the directory. Compared to unlink it will always throw an error if the directory cannot be deleted rather than being silent or signalling a warning.

Usage

file_delete(path)

dir_delete(path)

link_delete(path)
file_delete(path)

dir_delete(path)

link_delete(path)

Arguments

path

A character vector of one or more paths.

Value

The deleted paths (invisibly).

Examples


# create a directory, with some files and a link to it
dir_create("dir")
files <- file_create(path("dir", letters[1:5]))
link <- link_create(path_abs("dir"), "link")

# All files created
dir_exists("dir")
file_exists(files)
link_exists("link")
file_exists(link_path("link"))

# Delete a file
file_delete(files[1])
file_exists(files[1])

# Delete the directory (which deletes the files as well)
dir_delete("dir")
file_exists(files)
dir_exists("dir")

# The link still exists, but what it points to does not.
link_exists("link")
dir_exists(link_path("link"))

# Delete the link
link_delete("link")
link_exists("link")

# create a directory, with some files and a link to it
dir_create("dir")
files <- file_create(path("dir", letters[1:5]))
link <- link_create(path_abs("dir"), "link")

# All files created
dir_exists("dir")
file_exists(files)
link_exists("link")
file_exists(link_path("link"))

# Delete a file
file_delete(files[1])
file_exists(files[1])

# Delete the directory (which deletes the files as well)
dir_delete("dir")
file_exists(files)
dir_exists("dir")

# The link still exists, but what it points to does not.
link_exists("link")
dir_exists(link_path("link"))

# Delete the link
link_delete("link")
link_exists("link")

List files

Description

dir_ls() is equivalent to the ls command. It returns filenames as a named fs_path character vector. The names are equivalent to the values, which is useful for passing onto functions like purrr::map_dfr().

dir_info() is equivalent to ls -l and a shortcut for file_info(dir_ls()).

dir_map() applies a function fun() to each entry in the path and returns the result in a list.

dir_walk() calls fun for its side-effect and returns the input path.

Usage

dir_ls(
  path = ".",
  all = FALSE,
  recurse = FALSE,
  type = "any",
  glob = NULL,
  regexp = NULL,
  invert = FALSE,
  fail = TRUE,
  ...,
  recursive
)

dir_map(
  path = ".",
  fun,
  all = FALSE,
  recurse = FALSE,
  type = "any",
  fail = TRUE
)

dir_walk(
  path = ".",
  fun,
  all = FALSE,
  recurse = FALSE,
  type = "any",
  fail = TRUE
)

dir_info(
  path = ".",
  all = FALSE,
  recurse = FALSE,
  type = "any",
  regexp = NULL,
  glob = NULL,
  fail = TRUE,
  ...
)
dir_ls(
  path = ".",
  all = FALSE,
  recurse = FALSE,
  type = "any",
  glob = NULL,
  regexp = NULL,
  invert = FALSE,
  fail = TRUE,
  ...,
  recursive
)

dir_map(
  path = ".",
  fun,
  all = FALSE,
  recurse = FALSE,
  type = "any",
  fail = TRUE
)

dir_walk(
  path = ".",
  fun,
  all = FALSE,
  recurse = FALSE,
  type = "any",
  fail = TRUE
)

dir_info(
  path = ".",
  all = FALSE,
  recurse = FALSE,
  type = "any",
  regexp = NULL,
  glob = NULL,
  fail = TRUE,
  ...
)

Arguments

`path`	A character vector of one or more paths.
`all`	If `TRUE` hidden files are also returned.
`recurse`	If `TRUE` recurse fully, if a positive number the number of levels to recurse.
`type`	File type(s) to return, one or more of "any", "file", "directory", "symlink", "FIFO", "socket", "character_device" or "block_device".
`glob`	A wildcard aka globbing pattern (e.g. `⁠*.csv⁠`) passed on to `grep()` to filter paths.
`regexp`	A regular expression (e.g. `⁠[.]csv$⁠`) passed on to `grep()` to filter paths.
`invert`	If `TRUE` return files which do not match
`fail`	Should the call fail (the default) or warn if a file cannot be accessed.
`...`	Additional arguments passed to grep.
`recursive`	(Deprecated) If `TRUE` recurse fully.
`fun`	A function, taking one parameter, the current path entry.

Examples


dir_ls(R.home("share"), type = "directory")

# Create a shorter link
link_create(system.file(package = "base"), "base")

dir_ls("base", recurse = TRUE, glob = "*.R")

# If you need the full paths input an absolute path
dir_ls(path_abs("base"))

dir_map("base", identity)

dir_walk("base", str)

dir_info("base")

# Cleanup
link_delete("base")

dir_ls(R.home("share"), type = "directory")

# Create a shorter link
link_create(system.file(package = "base"), "base")

dir_ls("base", recurse = TRUE, glob = "*.R")

# If you need the full paths input an absolute path
dir_ls(path_abs("base"))

dir_map("base", identity)

dir_walk("base", str)

dir_info("base")

# Cleanup
link_delete("base")

Print contents of directories in a tree-like format

Description

Print contents of directories in a tree-like format

Usage

dir_tree(path = ".", recurse = TRUE, ...)
dir_tree(path = ".", recurse = TRUE, ...)

Arguments

path

A path to print the tree from

recurse

If TRUE recurse fully, if a positive number the number of levels to recurse.

...

Arguments passed on to dir_ls

type: File type(s) to return, one or more of "any", "file", "directory", "symlink", "FIFO", "socket", "character_device" or "block_device".
recursive: (Deprecated) If TRUE recurse fully.
all: If TRUE hidden files are also returned.
fail: Should the call fail (the default) or warn if a file cannot be accessed.
glob: A wildcard aka globbing pattern (e.g. ⁠*.csv⁠) passed on to grep() to filter paths.
regexp: A regular expression (e.g. ⁠[.]csv$⁠) passed on to grep() to filter paths.
invert: If TRUE return files which do not match

Query for existence and access permissions

Description

file_exists(path) is a shortcut for file_access(x, "exists"); dir_exists(path) and link_exists(path) are similar but also check that the path is a directory or link, respectively. (file_exists(path) returns TRUE if path exists and it is a directory.)

Usage

file_access(path, mode = "exists")

file_exists(path)

dir_exists(path)

link_exists(path)
file_access(path, mode = "exists")

file_exists(path)

dir_exists(path)

link_exists(path)

Arguments

`path`	A character vector of one or more paths.
`mode`	A character vector containing one or more of 'exists', 'read', 'write', 'execute'.

Details

Cross-compatibility warning: There is no executable bit on Windows. Checking a file for mode 'execute' on Windows, e.g. file_access(x, "execute") will always return TRUE.

Value

A logical vector, with names corresponding to the input path.

Examples

file_access("/")
file_access("/", "read")
file_access("/", "write")

file_exists("WOMBATS")
file_access("/")
file_access("/", "read")
file_access("/", "write")

file_exists("WOMBATS")

Change file permissions

Description

Change file permissions

Usage

file_chmod(path, mode)
file_chmod(path, mode)

Arguments

`path`	A character vector of one or more paths.
`mode`	A character representation of the mode, in either hexidecimal or symbolic format.

Details

Cross-compatibility warning: File permissions differ on Windows from POSIX systems. Windows does not use an executable bit, so attempting to change this will have no effect. Windows also does not have user groups, so only the user permissions (u) are relevant.

Examples


file_create("foo", mode = "000")
file_chmod("foo", "777")
file_info("foo")$permissions

file_chmod("foo", "u-x")
file_info("foo")$permissions

file_chmod("foo", "a-wrx")
file_info("foo")$permissions

file_chmod("foo", "u+wr")
file_info("foo")$permissions

# It is also vectorized
files <- c("foo", file_create("bar", mode = "000"))
file_chmod(files, "a+rwx")
file_info(files)$permissions

file_chmod(files, c("644", "600"))
file_info(files)$permissions

file_create("foo", mode = "000")
file_chmod("foo", "777")
file_info("foo")$permissions

file_chmod("foo", "u-x")
file_info("foo")$permissions

file_chmod("foo", "a-wrx")
file_info("foo")$permissions

file_chmod("foo", "u+wr")
file_info("foo")$permissions

# It is also vectorized
files <- c("foo", file_create("bar", mode = "000"))
file_chmod(files, "a+rwx")
file_info(files)$permissions

file_chmod(files, c("644", "600"))
file_info(files)$permissions

Change owner or group of a file

Description

Change owner or group of a file

Usage

file_chown(path, user_id = NULL, group_id = NULL)
file_chown(path, user_id = NULL, group_id = NULL)

Arguments

`path`	A character vector of one or more paths.
`user_id`	The user id of the new owner, specified as a numeric ID or name. The R process must be privileged to change this.
`group_id`	The group id of the new owner, specified as a numeric ID or name.

Query file metadata

Description

Compared to file.info() the full results of a stat(2) system call are returned and some columns are returned as S3 classes to make manipulation more natural. On systems which do not support all metadata (such as Windows) default values are used.

Usage

file_info(path, fail = TRUE, follow = FALSE)

file_size(path, fail = TRUE)
file_info(path, fail = TRUE, follow = FALSE)

file_size(path, fail = TRUE)

Arguments

`path`	A character vector of one or more paths.
`fail`	Should the call fail (the default) or warn if a file cannot be accessed.
`follow`	If `TRUE`, symbolic links will be followed (recursively) and the results will be that of the final file rather than the link.

Value

A data.frame with metadata for each file. Columns returned are as follows.

`path`	The input path, as a `fs_path()` character vector.
`type`	The file type, as a factor of file types.
`size`	The file size, as a `fs_bytes()` numeric vector.
`permissions`	The file permissions, as a `fs_perms()` integer vector.
`modification_time`	The time of last data modification, as a POSIXct datetime.
`user`	The file owner name - as a character vector.
`group`	The file group name - as a character vector.
`device_id`	The file device id - as a numeric vector.
`hard_links`	The number of hard links to the file - as a numeric vector.
`special_device_id`	The special device id of the file - as a numeric vector.
`inode`	The inode of the file - as a numeric vector.
`block_size`	The optimal block for the file - as a numeric vector.
`blocks`	The number of blocks allocated for the file - as a numeric vector.
`flags`	The user defined flags for the file - as an integer vector.
`generation`	The generation number for the file - as a numeric vector.
`access_time`	The time of last access - as a POSIXct datetime.
`change_time`	The time of last file status change - as a POSIXct datetime.
`birth_time`	The time when the inode was created - as a POSIXct datetime.

Examples


write.csv(mtcars, "mtcars.csv")
file_info("mtcars.csv")

# Files in the working directory modified more than 20 days ago
files <- file_info(dir_ls())
files$path[difftime(Sys.time(), files$modification_time, units = "days") > 20]

# Cleanup
file_delete("mtcars.csv")

write.csv(mtcars, "mtcars.csv")
file_info("mtcars.csv")

# Files in the working directory modified more than 20 days ago
files <- file_info(dir_ls())
files$path[difftime(Sys.time(), files$modification_time, units = "days") > 20]

# Cleanup
file_delete("mtcars.csv")

Move or rename files

Description

Compared to file.rename file_move() always fails if it is unable to move a file, rather than signaling a Warning and returning an error code.

Usage

file_move(path, new_path)
file_move(path, new_path)

Arguments

path

A character vector of one or more paths.

new_path

New file path. If new_path is existing directory, the file will be moved into that directory; otherwise it will be moved/renamed to the full path.

Should either be the same length as path, or a single directory.

Value

The new path (invisibly).

Examples


file_create("foo")
file_move("foo", "bar")
file_exists(c("foo", "bar"))
file_delete("bar")

file_create("foo")
file_move("foo", "bar")
file_exists(c("foo", "bar"))
file_delete("bar")

Open files or directories

Description

Open files or directories

Usage

file_show(path = ".", browser = getOption("browser"))
file_show(path = ".", browser = getOption("browser"))

Arguments

path

A character vector of one or more paths.

browser

a non-empty character string giving the name of the program to be used as the HTML browser. It should be in the PATH, or a full path specified. Alternatively, an R function to be called to invoke the browser.

Under Windows NULL is also allowed (and is the default), and implies that the file association mechanism will be used.

Value

The directories that were opened (invisibly).

Create names for temporary files

Description

file_temp() returns the name which can be used as a temporary file.

Usage

file_temp(pattern = "file", tmp_dir = tempdir(), ext = "")

file_temp_push(path)

file_temp_pop()

path_temp(...)
file_temp(pattern = "file", tmp_dir = tempdir(), ext = "")

file_temp_push(path)

file_temp_pop()

path_temp(...)

Arguments

`pattern`	A character vector with the non-random portion of the name.
`tmp_dir`	The directory the file will be created in.
`ext`	The file extension of the temporary file.
`path`	A character vector of one or more paths.
`...`	Additional paths appended to the temporary directory by `path()`.

Details

file_temp_push() can be used to supply deterministic entries in the temporary file stack. This can be useful for reproducibility in like example documentation and vignettes.

file_temp_pop() can be used to explicitly remove an entry from the internal stack, however generally this is done instead by calling file_temp().

path_temp() constructs a path within the session temporary directory.

Examples



path_temp()
path_temp("does-not-exist")

file_temp()
file_temp(ext = "png")
file_temp("image", ext = "png")


# You can make the temp file paths deterministic
file_temp_push(letters)
file_temp()
file_temp()

# Or explicitly remove values
while (!is.null(file_temp_pop())) next
file_temp_pop()
path_temp()
path_temp("does-not-exist")

file_temp()
file_temp(ext = "png")
file_temp("image", ext = "png")


# You can make the temp file paths deterministic
file_temp_push(letters)
file_temp()
file_temp()

# Or explicitly remove values
while (!is.null(file_temp_pop())) next
file_temp_pop()

Change file access and modification times

Description

Unlike the touch POSIX utility this does not create the file if it does not exist. Use file_create() to do this if needed.

Usage

file_touch(path, access_time = Sys.time(), modification_time = access_time)
file_touch(path, access_time = Sys.time(), modification_time = access_time)

Arguments

`path`	A character vector of one or more paths.
`access_time`, `modification_time`	The times to set, inputs will be coerced to POSIXct objects.

Examples


file_create("foo")
file_touch("foo", "2018-01-01")
file_info("foo")[c("access_time", "modification_time", "change_time", "birth_time")]

file_create("foo")
file_touch("foo", "2018-01-01")
file_info("foo")[c("access_time", "modification_time", "change_time", "birth_time")]

Human readable file sizes

Description

Construct, manipulate and display vectors of file sizes. These are numeric vectors, so you can compare them numerically, but they can also be compared to human readable values such as '10MB'.

Usage

as_fs_bytes(x)

fs_bytes(x)
as_fs_bytes(x)

fs_bytes(x)

Arguments

`x`	A numeric or character vector. Character representations can use shorthand sizes (see examples).

Examples

fs_bytes("1")
fs_bytes("1K")
fs_bytes("1Kb")
fs_bytes("1Kib")
fs_bytes("1MB")

fs_bytes("1KB") < "1MB"

sum(fs_bytes(c("1MB", "5MB", "500KB")))
fs_bytes("1")
fs_bytes("1K")
fs_bytes("1Kb")
fs_bytes("1Kib")
fs_bytes("1MB")

fs_bytes("1KB") < "1MB"

sum(fs_bytes(c("1MB", "5MB", "500KB")))

File paths

Description

Tidy file paths, character vectors which are coloured by file type on capable terminals.

Colouring can be customized by setting the LS_COLORS environment variable, the format is the same as that read by GNU ls / dircolors.

Colouring of file paths can be disabled by setting LS_COLORS to an empty string e.g. Sys.setenv(LS_COLORS = "").

Usage

as_fs_path(x)

fs_path(x)
as_fs_path(x)

fs_path(x)

Arguments

`x`	vector to be coerced to a fs_path object.

Create, modify and view file permissions

Description

fs_perms() objects help one create and modify file permissions easily. They support both numeric input, octal and symbolic character representations. Compared to octmode they support symbolic representations and display the mode the same format as ls on POSIX systems.

Usage

as_fs_perms(x, ...)

fs_perms(x, ...)
as_fs_perms(x, ...)

fs_perms(x, ...)

Arguments

`x`	An object which is to be coerced to a fs_perms object. Can be an number or octal character representation, including symbolic representations.
`...`	Additional arguments passed to methods.

Details

On POSIX systems the permissions are displayed as a 9 character string with three sets of three characters. Each set corresponds to the permissions for the user, the group and other (or default) users.

If the first character of each set is a "r", the file is readable for those users, if a "-", it is not readable.

If the second character of each set is a "w", the file is writable for those users, if a "-", it is not writable.

The third character is more complex, and is the first of the following characters which apply.

'S' If the character is part of the owner permissions and the file is not executable or the directory is not searchable by the owner, and the set-user-id bit is set.
'S' If the character is part of the group permissions and the file is not executable or the directory is not searchable by the group, and the set-group-id bit is set.
'T' If the character is part of the other permissions and the file is not executable or the directory is not searchable by others, and the 'sticky' (S_ISVTX) bit is set.
's' If the character is part of the owner permissions and the file is executable or the directory searchable by the owner, and the set-user-id bit is set.
's' If the character is part of the group permissions and the file is executable or the directory searchable by the group, and the set-group-id bit is set.
't' If the character is part of the other permissions and the file is executable or the directory searchable by others, and the ”sticky” (S_ISVTX) bit is set.
'x' The file is executable or the directory is searchable.
'-' If none of the above apply. Most commonly the third character is either 'x' or -.

On Windows the permissions are displayed as a 3 character string where the third character is only - or x.

Examples

# Integer and numeric
fs_perms(420L)
fs_perms(c(511, 420))

# Octal
fs_perms("777")
fs_perms(c("777", "644"))

# Symbolic
fs_perms("a+rwx")
fs_perms(c("a+rwx", "u+rw,go+r"))

# Use the `&` and `|`operators to check for certain permissions
(fs_perms("777") & "u+r") == "u+r"
# Integer and numeric
fs_perms(420L)
fs_perms(c(511, 420))

# Octal
fs_perms("777")
fs_perms(c("777", "644"))

# Symbolic
fs_perms("a+rwx")
fs_perms(c("a+rwx", "u+rw,go+r"))

# Use the `&` and `|`operators to check for certain permissions
(fs_perms("777") & "u+r") == "u+r"

Lookup Users and Groups on a system

Description

These functions use the GETPWENT(3) and GETGRENT(3) system calls to query users and groups respectively.

Usage

group_ids()

user_ids()
group_ids()

user_ids()

Value

They return their results in a data.frame. On windows both functions return an empty data.frame because windows does not have user or group ids.

Examples

# list first 6 groups
head(group_ids())

# list first 6 users
head(user_ids())
# list first 6 groups
head(group_ids())

# list first 6 users
head(user_ids())

Test if a path is an absolute path

Description

Test if a path is an absolute path

Usage

is_absolute_path(path)
is_absolute_path(path)

Arguments

path

A character vector of one or more paths.

Examples

is_absolute_path("/foo")
is_absolute_path("C:\\foo")
is_absolute_path("\\\\myserver\\foo\\bar")

is_absolute_path("foo/bar")
is_absolute_path("/foo")
is_absolute_path("C:\\foo")
is_absolute_path("\\\\myserver\\foo\\bar")

is_absolute_path("foo/bar")

Functions to test for file types

Description

Functions to test for file types

Usage

is_file(path, follow = TRUE)

is_dir(path, follow = TRUE)

is_link(path)

is_file_empty(path, follow = TRUE)
is_file(path, follow = TRUE)

is_dir(path, follow = TRUE)

is_link(path)

is_file_empty(path, follow = TRUE)

Arguments

`path`	A character vector of one or more paths.
`follow`	If `TRUE`, symbolic links will be followed (recursively) and the results will be that of the final file rather than the link.

Value

A named logical vector, where the names give the paths. If the given object does not exist, NA is returned.

Examples


dir_create("d")

file_create("d/file.txt")
dir_create("d/dir")
link_create(path(path_abs("d"), "file.txt"), "d/link")

paths <- dir_ls("d")
is_file(paths)
is_dir(paths)
is_link(paths)

# Cleanup
dir_delete("d")

dir_create("d")

file_create("d/file.txt")
dir_create("d/dir")
link_create(path(path_abs("d"), "file.txt"), "d/link")

paths <- dir_ls("d")
is_file(paths)
is_dir(paths)
is_link(paths)

# Cleanup
dir_delete("d")

Read the value of a symbolic link

Description

Read the value of a symbolic link

Usage

link_path(path)
link_path(path)

Arguments

path

A character vector of one or more paths.

Value

A tidy path to the object the link points to.

Examples


file_create("foo")
link_create(path_abs("foo"), "bar")
link_path("bar")

# Cleanup
file_delete(c("foo", "bar"))

file_create("foo")
link_create(path_abs("foo"), "bar")
link_path("bar")

# Cleanup
file_delete(c("foo", "bar"))

Construct path to a file or directory

Description

path() constructs a relative path, path_wd() constructs an absolute path from the current working directory.

Usage

path(..., ext = "")

path_wd(..., ext = "")
path(..., ext = "")

path_wd(..., ext = "")

Arguments

`...`	character vectors, if any values are NA, the result will also be NA. The paths follow the recycling rules used in the tibble package, namely that only length 1 arguments are recycled.
`ext`	An optional extension to append to the generated path.

Examples

path("foo", "bar", "baz", ext = "zip")

path("foo", letters[1:3], ext = "txt")
path("foo", "bar", "baz", ext = "zip")

path("foo", letters[1:3], ext = "txt")

Finding the User Home Directory

Description

path_expand() performs tilde expansion on a path, replacing instances of ~ or ~user with the user's home directory.
path_home() constructs a path within the expanded users home directory, calling it with no arguments can be useful to verify what fs considers the home directory.
path_expand_r() and path_home_r() are equivalents which always use R's definition of the home directory.

Usage

path_expand(path)

path_expand_r(path)

path_home(...)

path_home_r(...)
path_expand(path)

path_expand_r(path)

path_home(...)

path_home_r(...)

Arguments

`path`	A character vector of one or more paths.
`...`	Additional paths appended to the home directory by `path()`.

Details

path_expand() differs from base::path.expand() in the interpretation of the home directory of Windows. In particular path_expand() uses the path set in the USERPROFILE environment variable and, if unset, then uses HOMEDRIVE/HOMEPATH.

In contrast base::path.expand() first checks for R_USER then HOME, which in the default configuration of R on Windows are both set to the user's document directory, e.g. ⁠C:\\Users\\username\\Documents⁠. base::path.expand() also does not support ~otheruser syntax on Windows, whereas path_expand() does support this syntax on all systems.

This definition makes fs more consistent with the definition of home directory used on Windows in other languages, such as python and rust. This is also more compatible with external tools such as git and ssh, both of which put user-level files in USERPROFILE by default. It also allows you to write portable paths, such as ⁠~/Desktop⁠ that points to the Desktop location on Windows, macOS and (most) Linux systems.

Users can set the R_FS_HOME environment variable to override the definitions on any platform.

Examples

# Expand a path
path_expand("~/bin")

# You can use `path_home()` without arguments to see what is being used as
# the home diretory.
path_home()
path_home("R")

# This will likely differ from the above on Windows
path_home_r()
# Expand a path
path_expand("~/bin")

# You can use `path_home()` without arguments to see what is being used as
# the home diretory.
path_home()
path_home("R")

# This will likely differ from the above on Windows
path_home_r()

Manipulate file paths

Description

path_file() returns the filename portion of the path, path_dir() returns the directory portion. path_ext() returns the last extension (if any) for a path. path_ext_remove() removes the last extension and returns the rest of the path. path_ext_set() replaces the extension with a new extension. If there is no existing extension the new extension is appended.

Usage

path_file(path)

path_dir(path)

path_ext(path)

path_ext_remove(path)

path_ext_set(path, ext)

path_ext(path) <- value
path_file(path)

path_dir(path)

path_ext(path)

path_ext_remove(path)

path_ext_set(path, ext)

path_ext(path) <- value

Arguments

`path`	A character vector of one or more paths.
`ext`, `value`	The new file extension.

Details

Note because these are not full file paths they return regular character vectors, not fs_path() objects.

Examples

path_file("dir/file.zip")

path_dir("dir/file.zip")

path_ext("dir/file.zip")

path_ext("file.tar.gz")

path_ext_remove("file.tar.gz")

# Only one level of extension is removed
path_ext_set(path_ext_remove("file.tar.gz"), "zip")
path_file("dir/file.zip")

path_dir("dir/file.zip")

path_ext("dir/file.zip")

path_ext("file.tar.gz")

path_ext_remove("file.tar.gz")

# Only one level of extension is removed
path_ext_set(path_ext_remove("file.tar.gz"), "zip")

Filter paths

Description

Filter paths

Usage

path_filter(path, glob = NULL, regexp = NULL, invert = FALSE, ...)
path_filter(path, glob = NULL, regexp = NULL, invert = FALSE, ...)

Arguments

`path`	A character vector of one or more paths.
`glob`	A wildcard aka globbing pattern (e.g. `⁠*.csv⁠`) passed on to `grep()` to filter paths.
`regexp`	A regular expression (e.g. `⁠[.]csv$⁠`) passed on to `grep()` to filter paths.
`invert`	If `TRUE` return files which do not match
`...`	Additional arguments passed to grep.

Examples

path_filter(c("foo", "boo", "bar"), glob = "*oo")
path_filter(c("foo", "boo", "bar"), glob = "*oo", invert = TRUE)

path_filter(c("foo", "boo", "bar"), regexp = "b.r")
path_filter(c("foo", "boo", "bar"), glob = "*oo")
path_filter(c("foo", "boo", "bar"), glob = "*oo", invert = TRUE)

path_filter(c("foo", "boo", "bar"), regexp = "b.r")

Path computations

Description

All functions apart from path_real() are purely path computations, so the files in question do not need to exist on the filesystem.

Usage

path_real(path)

path_split(path)

path_join(parts)

path_abs(path, start = ".")

path_norm(path)

path_rel(path, start = ".")

path_common(path)

path_has_parent(path, parent)
path_real(path)

path_split(path)

path_join(parts)

path_abs(path, start = ".")

path_norm(path)

path_rel(path, start = ".")

path_common(path)

path_has_parent(path, parent)

Arguments

`path`	A character vector of one or more paths.
`parts`	A character vector or a list of character vectors, corresponding to split paths.
`start`	A starting directory to compute the path relative to.
`parent`	The parent path.

Value

The new path(s) in an fs_path object, which is a character vector that also has class fs_path. Except path_split(), which returns a list of character vectors of path components.

Functions

path_real(): returns the canonical path, eliminating any symbolic links and the special references ~, ~user, ., and .., , i.e. it calls path_expand() (literally) and path_norm() (effectively).
path_split(): splits paths into parts.
path_join(): joins parts together. The inverse of path_split(). See path() to concatenate vectorized strings into a path.
path_abs(): returns a normalized, absolute version of a path.
path_norm(): eliminates . references and rationalizes up-level .. references, so A/./B and A/foo/../B both become A/B, but ../B is not changed. If one of the paths is a symbolic link, this may change the meaning of the path, so consider using path_real() instead.
path_rel(): computes the path relative to the start path, which can be either an absolute or relative path.
path_common(): finds the common parts of two (or more) paths.
path_has_parent(): determine if a path has a given parent.

Examples


dir_create("a")
file_create("a/b")
link_create(path_abs("a"), "c")

# Realize the path
path_real("c/b")

# Split a path
parts <- path_split("a/b")
parts

# Join it together
path_join(parts)

# Find the absolute path
path_abs("..")

# Normalize a path
path_norm("a/../b\\c/.")

# Compute a relative path
path_rel("/foo/abc", "/foo/bar/baz")

# Find the common path between multiple paths
path_common(c("/foo/bar/baz", "/foo/bar/abc", "/foo/xyz/123"))

# Cleanup
dir_delete("a")
link_delete("c")

dir_create("a")
file_create("a/b")
link_create(path_abs("a"), "c")

# Realize the path
path_real("c/b")

# Split a path
parts <- path_split("a/b")
parts

# Join it together
path_join(parts)

# Find the absolute path
path_abs("..")

# Normalize a path
path_norm("a/../b\\c/.")

# Compute a relative path
path_rel("/foo/abc", "/foo/bar/baz")

# Find the common path between multiple paths
path_common(c("/foo/bar/baz", "/foo/bar/abc", "/foo/xyz/123"))

# Cleanup
dir_delete("a")
link_delete("c")

Construct a path to a location within an installed or development package

Description

path_package differs from system.file() in that it always returns an error if the package does not exist. It also returns a different error if the file within the package does not exist.

Usage

path_package(package, ...)
path_package(package, ...)

Arguments

`package`	Name of the package to in which to search
`...`	Additional paths appended to the package path by `path()`.

Details

path_package() also automatically works with packages loaded with devtools even if the path_package() call comes from a different package.

Examples

path_package("base")
path_package("stats")
path_package("base", "INDEX")
path_package("splines", "help", "AnIndex")
path_package("base")
path_package("stats")
path_package("base", "INDEX")
path_package("splines", "help", "AnIndex")

Sanitize a filename by removing directory paths and invalid characters

Description

path_sanitize() removes the following:

Control characters
Reserved characters
Unix reserved filenames (. and ..)
Trailing periods and spaces (invalid on Windows)
Windows reserved filenames (CON, PRN, AUX, NUL, COM1, COM2, COM3, COM4, COM5, COM6, COM7, COM8, COM9, LPT1, LPT2, LPT3, LPT4, LPT5, LPT6, LPT7, LPT8, and LPT9) The resulting string is then truncated to 255 bytes in length

Usage

path_sanitize(filename, replacement = "")
path_sanitize(filename, replacement = "")

Arguments

`filename`	A character vector to be sanitized.
`replacement`	A character vector used to replace invalid characters.

Examples

# potentially unsafe string
str <- "~/.\u0001ssh/authorized_keys"
path_sanitize(str)

path_sanitize("..")
# potentially unsafe string
str <- "~/.\u0001ssh/authorized_keys"
path_sanitize(str)

path_sanitize("..")

Tidy paths

Description

untidy paths are all different, tidy paths are all the same. Tidy paths always use / to delimit directories, never have multiple / or trailing / and have colourised output based on the file type.

Usage

path_tidy(path)
path_tidy(path)

Arguments

path

A character vector of one or more paths.

Value

An fs_path object, which is a character vector that also has class fs_path

Package 'fs'

Help Index

Copy files, directories or links

Description

Usage

Arguments

Details

Value

Examples

Create files, directories, or links

Description

Usage

Arguments

Value

Examples

Delete files, directories, or links

Description

Usage

Arguments

Value

Examples

List files

Description

Usage

Arguments

Examples

Print contents of directories in a tree-like format

Description

Usage

Arguments

Query for existence and access permissions

Description

Usage

Arguments

Details

Value

Examples

Change file permissions

Description

Usage

Arguments

Details

Examples

Change owner or group of a file

Description

Usage

Arguments

Query file metadata

Description

Usage

Arguments

Value

See Also

Examples

Move or rename files

Description

Usage

Arguments

Value

Examples

Open files or directories

Description

Usage

Arguments

Value

Create names for temporary files

Description

Usage

Arguments

Details

Examples

Change file access and modification times

Description

Usage

Arguments

Examples

Human readable file sizes

Description

Usage

Arguments